Calculation rules: Jan 1, 2026
← Back to the 941 reconciliation

How the Form 941 reconciliation works

Give it one quarter of payroll data and the federal tax deposits you made for it. It rebuilds the 941 lines from payroll, works out what was due and when, and matches your deposits against that. Key in the figures from the 941 you filed to check the return as well.

Free, with no account needed. Files are read in your browser and never uploaded. Signed in, the tool also saves your column mapping (column names and the file name, never the rows) so the next file like it maps itself.

Try it with the examples

One invented quarter, Q2 2026: eight employees paid every other Friday, seven checks each, and five deposit rows. Choose 2026, Q2 and Monthly, add both files and click Reconcile quarter. You should get two variances. V-102 Deposit late, because June's $8,218.86 went in on July 17 against a July 15 due date. V-202 for employee 40217, whose Social Security came out $4.00 short on one check. May's deposit is split across two payments and still matches, and the $84.00 Form 940 row is ignored.

Step 1: quarter and deposit schedule

Pick the tax year (2025 or 2026), the quarter and your deposit schedule, Monthly or Semiweekly. The tool doesn't work out which schedule you're on. The quarter doesn't filter your files either: every row you upload is counted, so export exactly one quarter.

Step 2: payroll data

One row per employee per check date, as CSV or Excel. After you add the file, a table shows which column went to which field; required fields have an asterisk and you can change any of them. Headers match when they equal one of these names once case, spaces and punctuation are dropped.

Employee ID

Needed?
Required
Also accepted as
Emp ID, EE ID, Associate ID, Employee Number, File #, Worker

Check Date

Needed?
Required
Notes
YYYY-MM-DD, M/D/YYYY or an Excel date. Two-digit years and month names read as blank.
Also accepted as
Pay Date, Payroll Date, Date

Gross Wages

Needed?
Required
Also accepted as
Gross, Gross Pay, Gross Earnings, Total Earnings

FIT Withheld

Needed?
Required
Notes
Federal income tax withheld.
Also accepted as
Federal Income Tax, FIT, Fed WH, Federal Withholding

Social Security Withheld

Needed?
Required
Notes
The employee's share.
Also accepted as
Social Security Employee, OASDI EE, SS EE, OASDI Withheld

Medicare Withheld

Needed?
Required
Notes
The employee's share.
Also accepted as
Medicare Employee, Medicare EE, Med EE

FIT Taxable Wages

Needed?
Optional
Notes
When missing: gross minus Section 125 minus 401(k).
Also accepted as
Federal Taxable Wages, Fed Taxable

Social Security Taxable Wages

Needed?
Optional
Notes
When missing: gross minus Section 125.
Also accepted as
OASDI Taxable, SS Wages, Social Security Wages

Medicare Taxable Wages

Needed?
Optional
Notes
When missing: the Social Security wages figure. Map it if anyone earned over the wage base; payroll systems cap their Social Security column there, and Medicare has no cap.
Also accepted as
Medicare Wages, Med Wages

Section 125

Needed?
Optional
Notes
Pre-tax cafeteria-plan deductions.
Also accepted as
S125, Cafeteria, Pretax Section 125

401k Pretax

Needed?
Optional
Notes
Pre-tax 401(k) deferrals.
Also accepted as
401k, Retirement Pretax, Pretax 401k

YTD Social Security Taxable

Needed?
Recommended
Notes
Year to date, including this check. Lets the wage base be checked in Q2 to Q4.
Also accepted as
YTD SS Wages, YTD OASDI Taxable

YTD Medicare Taxable

Needed?
Optional
Notes
Year to date, including this check. Places the $200,000 Additional Medicare threshold.
Also accepted as
YTD Medicare Wages

Step 3: tax payments

One row per deposit: an EFTPS payment history, a bank export or a GL extract. Rows without a date or an amount the tool can read are dropped.

Payment Date

Needed?
Required
Notes
Same date formats as Check Date. Also accepted: Settlement Date, Effective Date, Transaction Date, Post Date, Date.

Amount

Needed?
Required
Notes
Also accepted: Payment Amount, Deposit, Deposit Amount, Debit, Value.

Tax Period

Needed?
Optional
Notes
Read, but not used.

Form Type

Needed?
Optional
Notes
When it's mapped, only rows that say exactly 941, or are blank, count. Leave it unmapped if the column holds anything else, like Federal Tax Deposit.

How liabilities and due dates are worked out

  • Liability per check date: federal income tax withheld, plus 12.4% of Social Security wages up to the wage base ($184,500 for 2026, $176,100 for 2025), plus 2.9% of Medicare wages, plus 0.9% of wages over $200,000 for the year. Social Security and Medicare come from wages, not from what was withheld.
  • Monthly: a month's checks are due on the 15th of the next month.
  • Semiweekly: Wednesday to Friday paydays are due the next Wednesday; Saturday to Tuesday paydays, the next Friday. That is the third business day after the period closes, so a legal holiday among those days adds a day: a Friday payday followed by a Monday holiday is due Thursday.
  • Due dates move past weekends and federal holidays. The holiday list covers 2025 and 2026, plus New Year's Day and Martin Luther King Jr. Day 2027 for Q4 2026 deposits; after that, only weekends move a date.
  • $100,000 next day: once a period's running total reaches $100,000, that amount is due the next business day and the count starts again. The tool doesn't then move a monthly depositor to semiweekly, and it doesn't apply the $2,500 pay-with-the-return rule, so a quarter with less than $2,500 of tax shows its undeposited months as missing even though the IRS lets that tax be paid with the return.
  • Matching deposits: in due-date order, each period takes the single unused payment within $1.00 of its liability, nearest the due date. Failing that, the first pair of payments that adds up within $1.00. A period paid in three or more pieces won't match.

Step 4 (optional): the 941 as filed

Skip this and you get a two-file balance: payroll against deposits. To check the return too, type in lines 2, 3, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 7, 12 and 13 from the 941 you filed, and the three line 16 months if you deposit monthly. Fill from register (calculated) copies the calculated figures in for you to edit. Once any box has a number, empty boxes count as zero, except line 12: left empty, the reported total is lines 3, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 7 added up.

Payroll Social Security wages include tips, but the 941 splits them, so lines 5a and 5b are added together and checked against the register as one. Each line in the tie-out table gets a status, and lines 3, 5a tax (with 5b), 5c tax and 5d tax also raise a variance when they're off. Line 13 isn't compared; deposits come from your payments file. Line 7 isn't compared either; the L7 check below uses payroll data.

The variances

V-101 Deposit missing for liability period

Severity
Critical
Raised when
No payment, or pair of payments, matches the period's liability within $1.00.

V-103 $100k next-day deposit missing

Severity
Critical
Raised when
The same, for a next-day period.

V-102 Deposit late

Severity
Critical
Raised when
Matched, but paid after the due date. The note quotes the IRS penalty tiers; no penalty is worked out.

V-201 [line] under-reported

Severity
High
Raised when
Line 3, 5a tax, 5c tax or 5d tax on the filed 941 is below the calculated figure by more than the line tolerance.

V-202 SS wage-base cap misapplied

Severity
High
Raised when
One employee's Social Security withheld for the quarter is more than $0.50 from 6.2% of their capped wages. It fires whatever the cause, not only the wage base. Runs when every row has YTD Social Security, and always in Q1.

V-203 Additional Medicare wrong for high earner

Severity
High
Raised when
For someone past $200,000, Medicare withheld is more than $0.50 from 1.45% plus 0.9% on the amount over.

V-204 Withheld but not deposited

Severity
High
Raised when
The calculated tax is more than all 941 deposits by more than the line tolerance, and an under-reported 941 of the same size doesn't explain it.

V-301 [line] over-reported

Severity
Medium
Raised when
The same four 941 lines, above the calculated figure.

V-302 L7 fractions-of-cents implausible

Severity
Medium
Raised when
Employee Social Security and Medicare withheld across the quarter differ from the rate math by more than the line 7 tolerance. Uses payroll data only.

V-303 L16 monthly liability mismatch

Severity
Medium
Raised when
A line 16 month you keyed differs from the calculated month by more than the line tolerance.

V-304 Unmatched payment

Severity
Medium
Raised when
A 941 payment that no liability period used.

V-401 SS cap verification skipped

Severity
Info
Raised when
Employees in Q2 to Q4 with no YTD Social Security; lists up to 10 IDs.

V-402 High void/reversal volume

Severity
Info
Raised when
More negative gross or FIT rows than 3 or 5% of rows, whichever is larger.

Tolerances

Per-employee tax: $0.50. A 941 line: $5.00 or $0.02 per employee, whichever is larger. Line 7: $10.00 or $0.02 per employee. A deposit period: $1.00. Info variances don't stop a clean verdict. Without a filed 941, V-201, V-301 and V-303 don't run; everything else does.

What you get

A verdict, the tie-out table with calculated, reported and paid columns, each variance with its explanation, a next step and the employee IDs or dates behind it, and the deposit schedule with each period's due date, liability, amount paid and whether it was on time, late or unpaid.

Download PDF saves all of that as 941-reconciliation-Q2-2026.pdf (named for your quarter), with the tolerances used and a SHA-256 fingerprint of each input file, so you can show later which files produced it. Send to readiness posts the result to the readiness dashboard, which has a Q2 check only for now, so a result for any other quarter is saved but doesn't show there; signed in, the status and counts are saved to your account.

What it doesn't do

  • Read a 941 PDF. The filed figures are typed in.
  • Rebuild lines 5e, 5f, 8 to 11, 14 or 15, or take a Schedule B.
  • Tell tips from wages. Lines 5a and 5b are checked together as one figure.
  • Check regular Medicare employee by employee. Only people past $200,000 are checked one at a time.
  • Split a file by EIN. Run one employer at a time.
  • Handle tax years before 2025 or after 2026.